Democracy an& TReUgton.

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to freedom. Even Marx states that the" Commonwealth of Freemen" (das Reich derFreien) is to be the ultimate goal of socialism.Whereas formerly the demand was for freedomfrom, the State, against absolutism and mercan-tilism, to-day under the assault of capitalism andproletarianism it is for freedom through the State.In this respect, to whatever political party webelong, we all have become socialists.

To sum up : since the days of the AmericanDeclaration of Independence, the Western Worldhas asserted Liberty as a universal standard towork out the " Law which ought to be " (dasrichtige Recht). Liberty under this definitionmeans the gradual extension for every adult of asphere of guaranteed right with which no one isallowed to interfere, neither King nor Parliament,neither decision of the majority nor dictatorship bythe minority. The aim of Liberty is the realisationof a man's personality, as an ultimate or trans-cendent value. Whether we agree with theaffirmation or not, is a matter not for knowledgebut for will: it depends on a resolve that wellsup from the depth of our interpretation of lifeand the world. Our endorsement of it is the causeof that deep cleavage dividing the Western worldfrom Moscow .

(2) Equality is, like Liberty , a paradox ofcivilisation, madder even for the " natural man "than liberty. All organic life is a victory of thestrong over the weak. Variation is the very basisof biological evolution. All history was tillrecently a story of conquest; by means of arms it