AND ON THE CONTINENT.
7n
number of spindles mid looms on cotton in Germany —of 877firms only 748 have given pniiculars—the following figures areapplicable : —
District.
Cotton Spindles.
Cotton Looms.
Total.
Averageper SpinningMill.
Total.
Averageper WeavingMill.
1,187,738
28,280
27,110
407
Baden ...
402,088
19,148
11,900
307
Wurtteraburg and Ilohenzollern
499,492
19,980
11,805
237
Saxony
741,240
10.450
19,403
185
Silesia ...
74,000
0,782
5,030
208
1,052,048
13,003
24,987
209
Remainder of North Germany
205,032
20,503
7,019
109
Rhine Palatinate
98,570
19,714
1,028
203
Bavaria
1,075,735
44,822
19,745
420
Totals ... ... (27a)
5,390,549
20,75(1
129,983
204
The total number is rather too little (27b) the average numberrather too high, several firms, and probably the smaller ones,have furnished no particulars (27c).
German State statistics for 1882 show a, further extension, ofsmall industrial concerns in the textile branch, although here adirect comparison with English figures is impossible. It is statedthat per spinning establishment there are not more than 10persons. This statement must only, however, be taken alongwith the consideration that amongst these spinning mills cottage'industrial concerns which reel, as well ns establishments engagedin manufacturing wadding and candle-wicks, are included.On the other hand, there are in England , according to Mr. Drnge,secretary of the Labour Commission, at the present time nospecial mills for reeling, as formerly 20 years ago. Theseoperations are performed either in the spinning mill before theyarn is sold, or in the weaving mill after it is bought (27d).
27a. The 000,000 German spindles spinning Vigogne yarns, also cotton, arenot included.
27b. A great difficulty in giving a comparison with the English figures is thecircumstance—which wrecks nearly all international comparisons statistically —that in England the single mills are counted, whereas in Germany , only thefirms. It is certain that many firms have several mills, and therefore the aver-age number of spindles and looms per firm must be greater than per mill.
27c. I myself, as well as the author, from personal observation, have littleconfidence in these figures. (Translator.)
27d. Concerning these statistical difficulties compare my contribution inSchraoller’s “ Jahrbuch fur Gesetzgebung u.s.w.,” 1893, pp. 1,224 to 1,220.