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tively late, and mostly only when they have saved something,which makes it possible for them to give up factory labour afterthe birth of tlieir first child. This is the explanation of the longholding together of adult family members in a. common dwelling.If the children grow up and earn money, the time for saving beginsanew.
We now give the budget of a weaver at Bacup . The man is 58years old, the wife 54. They have seven children, who live to-gether in one household; five male, two female—ages, 18 to 31.The father and all the children are cotton weavers, the motherdoes not work. The total income of the family amounts to £227yearly, of which the father earns £45 and the children £168, while£14 is the amount of dividends received from the co-operativesociety.
Wheaten bread is looked upon as the chief nourishment, in addi-tion to which meat is eaten once daily. The expenses for thedwelling-house are comparatively low—3s. 6d. per week. For thisamount the family has a house consisting of four rooms, one ofwhich is used as a kitchen and for living purposes. The father isnot a trade-unionist, but the sons pay Is. 2d. weekly to the weavers’society. For educational purposes 6d. per week is paid; to thismust be added 25s. yearly for Sunday schools and religious objects.Very considerable are the savings in this case; they amount yearlyto about £50. They are invested in the Post Office Savings Bank,in building societies, and in the co-operative society, partly in thenames of the parents, partly in those of the children. Thesesavings have the object of assuring to the parents a. comfortableold age, of supplying the children with something when married,and also of making it possible for the family to have an outingduring the holidays, for which the expenses vary.
A further case refers to a weaver’s family at Darwen. Man andwife, 39 and 33 years old, are both cotton weavers. The wife alsogoes to work for nine months of the year, because she has onlythree children, whose ages are 7, 9, and 11. In the year which istaken into account, from the summer of 1890 to 1891, the man hasonly worked 48 weeks. He lost two weeks by sickness, and hashad 10 days’ holidays. The total income amounted to £101 7s., ofwhich the man earned £52 16s., the wife £43 Is., £4 10s. beingthe dividend from the co-operative society, and £1 was sick moneyfrom the friendly society. The expenses amounted to £94 15s.