XIV.

principles, the equity of the allocation of profits under them, andthe merits of the principles proposed to ho substituted for themthat inquiry must be made. Also to discover whether there isanything necessarily beneficial or the opposite in the organisationof machinery with human supervision, to produce on a large scalewhat was until the introduction of machinery perforce producedon a small scale by human labour alone. These are some of thephases of the problems which Dr. von Schulze-Gnevernitz hasundertaken to investigate. The results of his inquiries in theirseveral aspects he has placed before the world in his recent workon “ .Social Peace.” He was so struck, however, by the phe-nomena presented in the origin, development, organisation, andsocial results attending the growth of the modern cotton in-dustry—the parent of all mechanical industries—that he haspreferred to treat this subject in a separate work, in order to d.full justice to its teachings. This work was issued in Germany in the autumn of 189.?, and immediately on its appearancethe present writer, the editor of “ The Textile Mercury,” enteredinto communication with Dr. Schulzo-Gaevernitz, with a view to itstranslation and reproduction in this country. The author immedi-ately consented, and the work was therefore put in hand. Mr.Oscar S. Hall, M. I. Mech. E., of the old and well-known firm ofmachinists (Messrs. Robert Hall and Sons, Bury, Limited) ofBury, voluntarily undertook the work. Mr. Hall brought to thetask exceptionally high qualifications in a thorough knowledge ofGerman, acquired by residence in the country, and maintainedand increased by frequent visits and an extensive commercialintercourse with it. To add to this, he is familiar with the historyof the development of machinery in the cotton industry, and is atechnical expert in all that relates to its present condition bothat home and on the Continent. Few people could bring to thetask a more extensive or perfect repertory of knowledge of thesubject ia these respects than did Mr. Hall. When we add that